General Information Sources

• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Benin 2011.
• Le Post: 'Lutte contre la corruption au Bénin: La Présidence de la Republique dispose désormais d´un numéro vert', 23 July 2011.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Benin 2010.
• Reuters Africa: 'Benin president accused of role in ponzy scheme', 20 August, 2010.
• La Nouvelle Tribune: 'Bénin: La corruption s'est aggravée sous Yayi', 13 April 2010.
• World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Benin 2009.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Benin 2009.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Benin 2009.
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands: 'Benin anti-corruption strategy a success', 22 January 2009.
• Credit Guarantee: Country Profile Benin 2008.
• Afrobarometer: Summary of Results Benin 2008.
• OECD & African Development Bank: African Economic Outlook - Benin 2008.
• APMR Secretariat: Country Review Report of the Republic of Benin 2008.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Benin 2008.
• Lexadin: The World Law Guide - Legislation Benin 2008 (in French).
• The World Bank & African Development Bank: La corruption et la gouvernance au Benin: Rapport des résultats de l'enquête diagnostique 2007 (in French).
• Afrobarometer: Battle, Martin and Seely, Jennifer C.: It's All Relative: Competing Models of Vote Choice in Benin 2007.
• Afrobarometer: Konold Carrie: Perceived Corruption, Public Opinion, and Social Influence in Senegal 2007.
• Global Integrity: Benin Country Report 2006.
• Government of Sweden: Mänskliga rättigheter i Benin 2006 (in Swedish).
• The Elephant's Eye: 'Former Foreign Minister Biaou Arrested for Corruption', 10 March 2006.
• OECD & African Development Bank: African Economic Outlook - Benin 2005.
• Afrobarometer: Summary of Results Benin 2005 (in French).
• The World Bank & IFC: Summary of Investment Climate Assessment 2005.
• Transparency International: Global Corruption Report 2004.
• OneWorld: Country Guide Benin.
• The World Bank: Benin Data Profile.
• BBC News: Benin Country Profile.
• Africa-Asia Business Forum: Benin Investment Guide.

Corruption Levels Sources

Judicial System

• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Benin 2011.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Benin 2010.
• World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Benin 2009.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Benin 2009.
• CIPB: The Role of the Judiciary in Safeguarding Business Investments and Transaction in Benin 2008.
• Afrobarometer: Summary of Results Benin 2008.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Benin 2008.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Benin 2008.
• The World Bank & African Development Bank: La corruption et la gouvernance au Benin: Rapport des résultats de l'enquête diagnostique 2007 (in French).
• Government of Sweden/Utrikesdepartementet: Mänskliga rättigheter i Benin 2006 (in Swedish).
• Afrol News: 'Government tries its judges for corruption', 29 January 2006.
• USAID: USAID's Support Improves the Credibility of Benin's Judicial System 2005.
• Report from Transparency International's 9th International Anti-Corruption Conference (IACC).

Police

• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Benin 2010.
• World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Benin 2009.　
• IRIN: 'BENIN: Screening out morally unfit crime fighters', 29 October 2009.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Benin 2008.
• Afrobarometer: Summary of Results Benin 2008.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Benin 2008.
• The World Bank & African Development Bank: La corruption et la gouvernance au Benin: Rapport des résultats de l'enquête diagnostique 2007 (in French).
• Afrobarometer: Summary of Results Benin 2005 (in French).
• FIDH: La justice au Bénin - corruption et arbitraire 2004 (in French).
• OneWorld: Country Guide Benin.

Licences, Infrastructure and Public Utilities

• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
• World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Benin 2009.
• IRIN: 'Benin: Water sector corruption 'enormous'', 17 February 2009.
• Afrobarometer: Summary of Results Benin 2008.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Benin 2008.
• The World Bank & African Development Bank: La corruption et la gouvernance au Benin: Rapport des résultats de l'enquête diagnostique 2007 (in French).
• Global Integrity: Benin Country Report 2006.
• The World Bank & IFC: Summary of Investment Climate Assessment 2005.
• Irin News: 'Benin: Smuggling, Corruption and Another Term for the President', 18 April 2005.
• Transparency International: Global Corruption Report 2003.

Land Administration

• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
• US Department of State: Investment Climate Statement - Benin 2009.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Benin 2008.
• The World Bank & African Development Bank: La corruption et la gouvernance au Benin: Rapport des résultats de l'enquête diagnostique 2007 (in French).
• The World Bank & IFC: Summary of Investment Climate Assessment 2005.

Tax Administration

• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
• World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• Afrobarometer: Summary of Results Benin 2008.
• The World Bank & African Development Bank: La corruption et la gouvernance au Benin: Rapport des résultats de l'enquête diagnostique 2007 (in French).
• Global Integrity: Benin Country Report 2006.

Customs Administration

• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2011.
• West Africa Demacracy Radio: 'Benin loses £3billion in revenues yearly', 12 August 2011.
• World Economic Forum: The Global Enabling Trade Report 2010.
• World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.　 　
• The World Bank & African Development Bank: La corruption et la gouvernance au Benin: Rapport des résultats de l'enquête diagnostique 2007 (in French).
• Global Integrity: Benin Country Report 2006.
• Report from Transparency International's 9th International Anti-Corruption Conference (IACC).

Public Procurement and Contracting

• World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012.
• US Department of State: Human Rights report 2010- Benin.
• The World Bank & IFC: Doing Business 2010.
• The World Bank & IFC: Enterprise Surveys 2009.
• Frontline World: 'The International Fight Against Bribery', 13 March 2009.
• AllAfrica: 'Benin: Water sector corruption 'enormous'', 17 February 2009.
• The World Bank & African Development Bank: La corruption et la gouvernance au Benin: Rapport des résultats de l'enquête diagnostique 2007 (in French).
• Global Integrity: Benin Country Report 2006.
• Financial Times: 'Titan to pay $28.5m in foreign bribery case', 2 March 2005.
• OneWorld: Country Guide Benin.
• USAID: Beninese Civil Society Takes Charge.
• Report from Transparency International's 9th International Anti-Corruption Conference (IACC).

Environment, Natural Resources and Extractive Industry

• African Biodiversity Network: Agrofuels in Africa 2007.
• OECD: African Economic 2004-2005.
• Ute Siebert & Georg Elwert: Potentials and Recommendations for Combating Corruption and Illegal Logging in the Forest Sector of Benin, West Africa 2002.

Public Anti-Corruption Initiatives Sources

• Afrique Avenir: 'Beninese parliament passes anti-graft bill', 30 August 2011.
• The US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Benin 2010.
• La Nouvelle Tribune: 'Bénin: La corruption s'est aggravée sous Yayi', 13 April 2010.
• allAfrica: 'Bénin: Deuxième atelier de lutte contre le blanchiment d'argent et le financement du terrorisme', 17 September 2009.
• 24 heures au Bénin: ‘L’Ige de Koussey est-elle encore crédible ?’, 23 Juin 2009.
• Le Grand Journal: ’Lutte contre l’impunité au Bénin, L’inspection générale d’Etat, un miroir aux alouettes’, 12 may 2009.
• IPS: 'Former des gens pour lutter contre le blanchiment d'argent', 17 March 2009.
• Agence Benin Presse: 'BENIN/ECONOMIE : Le Bénin se dote d'une Cellule de traitement des informations financières', 3 March 2009.
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands: 'Benin anti-corruption strategy a success', 22 January 2009.
• Lexadin: The World Law Guide - Legislation Benin 2008 (in French).
• Global Integrity: Benin Country Report 2006.
• The World Bank: Benin Data Profile.
• The Worls Bank: Benin Governance Diagnostics.
• Gouvernance en Afrique (in French).

Private Anti-Corruption Initiatives Sources

• Freedom House: Freedom of the Press Index 2011.
• Reporters Without Borders: Benin Country Report 2011.
• The Bertelsmann Foundation: Transformation Index - Benin 2010.
• US Department of State: Human Rights Report - Benin 2010.
• Freedom House: Freedom in the World - Benin 2009.
• Reporters Without Borders: Worldwide Press Freedom Index 2009.
• Freedom House: Freedom of the Press - Benin 2008.
• Global Integrity: Benin Country Report 2006.
• USAID: Beninese Civil Society Takes Charge.
• Gouvernance en Afrique (in French).