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Anti-Corruption Guidelines and Integrity Systems |
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Year of creation: December 2009
Developed by: Transparency International Norway
Description: Transparency International's objective in working with the private sector is to influence companies to develop and raise standards of practice in countering corruption. With this aim, TI has created tools to help companies develop effective anti-corruption programmes. These tools constitute the main basis for the information and recommended practices which are provided in this handbook. The purpose of the handbook is to make companies aware of how Norwegian and international legislation address corruption, to encourage management to raise awareness amongst its employees about corruption; to increase understanding of how to deal with hospitality and facilitation payments, and to advise companies on how to establish mechanisms that reduce the risk of corruption at home and abroad. The handbook has been developed for Norwegian business people, including decision makers and senior management, as well as entities from the Norwegian public sector and other organisations.
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Year of creation: August 2009
Developed by: Business Unity South Africa (BUSA) with support from the German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ)
Description: BUSA's function is to ensure that business plays a constructive role in South Africa's economic growth, development and transformation and to create an environment in which businesses of all sizes and in all sectors can thrive, expand and be competitive. Based on the understanding that SMEs are more vulnerable to corruption than larger companies, BUSA has developed this guide to assist SMEs in making sense of corruption and to understand how they can contribute in promoting ethical business practices in South Africa. Although the Guide specifically targets SMEs in South Africa, it can also be used by SMEs operating elsewhere.
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Year of creation: 2006
Developed by: Business Anti-Corruption Portal
Description: The Global Advice Network integrity system tools have been developed to accommodate the needs of SMEs in their fight against corruption. Even if a company understands what corruption is and how it can affect the company, it is in the practical operation that problems are encountered. Exactly for that reason, practical tools can be of great help. Through a range of guiding procedures, the tools explain how a company can develop its own integrity system and anti-corruption policy and, in that way, significantly reduce the risk of being exposed to corruption.
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Procedures on how to: Develop an anti-corruption policy Prepare an initial risk assessment Devise a reporting and control mechanism Prepare employee training
A practical integrity system flowchart Policies, procedures and guidelines for download as Word documents and which can be modified to accommodate individual company needs
Year of creation: N/A
Developed by: The INDEM Foundation and OPORA (in Russian) with support from USAID and the Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE)
Description: The objective of this document is to give small business owners in Russia tools to resist corruption and to provide them with strategies to survive and grow in an aggressive environment. The assessment of the corruption situation in Russia is followed by a set of recommendations focusing on how to deal with bureaucrats and how to use civil society institutions to protect businesspeople. The suggestions are based on research results, an analysis of first hand experiences, and extensive interviews with SME representatives. The analysis and recommendations are accompanied by specific examples and quotations from anonymous interviews with businesspeople. Although this guide primarily targets business owners in Russia, it may also serve as a very useful source of inspiration for small scale entrepreneurs doing business in other markets.
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Year of creation: 2007
Developed by: Confederation of Danish Industries (DI)
Description: The guide was developed by the Confederation of Danish Industries (DI) and was updated in 2007. It provides definitions and information about the occurrence of corruption as well as information about the legal environment for fighting corruption in Denmark and internationally. The DI guide also provides thoughts and concrete suggestions concerning the development of corporate strategies, anti-bribery codes of conduct and the implementation of anti-bribery policies in companies. It includes additional chapters concerning agents and other intermediaries, control and reporting, as well as internal whistle-blowing.
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Year of creation: 2008
Developed by: PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC)
Description: PricewaterhouseCoopers' Confronting Corruption report examines what companies are currently doing to manage the risk of corruption and the steps they can consider to better protect themselves in the future. A global survey and interviews with senior executives and anti-corruption experts have been included in the report, which indicate that business is more keenly aware than ever of the dangers of corruption. Yet, companies still need to expand the scope and rigor of their efforts to manage corruption risks with well-designed controls that are clearly communicated and enforced.
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Year of creation: 2007
Developed by: Federation of German Industries (BDI)
Description: The 3rd edition of "Preventing Corruption - BDI Recommendations" provides information about the international legal anti-corruption environment for companies. BDI calls on companies to make an important contribution to the fight against corruption and highlights the crucial role that CEOs and senior management play in leading companies' efforts. The organisation offers nine principles and practical suggestions that are meant to act as a guide for the preparation or enhancement of codes of conduct and internal organisational measures.
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Year of creation: 2008
Developed by: French Business Confederation (MEDEF)
Description: The French Business Confederation MEDEF developed this information brochure with a particular focus on internationally active French SMEs. MEDEF offers explanations about different forms of corruption and provides information about the implications that the OECD Convention and the French anti-corruption legislation have for companies. Furthermore, additional information about why companies must avoid corruption is provided, key issues regarding the use of agents are raised and information about additional resources is included in the brochure.
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Year of creation: 2007-2008
Developed by: Global Infrastructure Anti-Corruption Centre (GIACC)
Description: GIACC is an independent not-for-profit organisation which provides resources and services for the purpose of preventing corruption in the infrastructure, construction and engineering sectors for the assistance of governments, project owners, funders, contractors, consulting engineering firms and suppliers of equipment, materials and services. Among many other anti-corruption tools, GIACC has developed a comprehensive step-by-step system aimed at avoiding corruption in construction projects.
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Year of creation: 2005
Developed by: International Chamber of Commerce
Description: The ICC Rules of Conduct are intended to serve as a method for voluntary self-regulation by business against the background of applicable national laws. The rules aim at assisting companies to comply with their legal obligations and with anti-corruption initiatives at the international level. The rules are constituted by what is generally considered good commercial practice, but carry no legal weight. The rules cover prohibition of bribery and extortion, agents and other intermediaries, joint ventures and outsourcing agreements, political and charitable contributions and sponsorships, gifts, hospitality and expenses, facilitation payments, corporate policies, and financial recording and auditing. The rules provide a solid foundation upon which an anti-corruption programme can be developed.
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Year of creation: 2006
Developed by: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
Description: The tool aims at helping companies that invest in weak governance zones (WGZ), i.e. countries where governments are unwilling or unable to assume their full responsibilities. Through a checklist of questions, the tool addresses risks and ethical dilemmas that companies are likely to face in such weak governance zones, including obeying the law and observing international instruments, heightened care in managing investments, checking business partners and clients and dealing with public sector officials, and speaking out against malpractices. Chapter 2.3 ("Combating Corruption and Money Laundering") raises several questions that aim at increasing companies' awareness of corruption risks in WGZ.
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Year of creation: 2008
Developed by: The Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE) and the National Endowment for Democracy (NED)
Description: This toolkit introduces important concepts, explains how to address the underlying causes of corruption, and suggests concrete areas in which the private sector can lead governance reform. The toolkit contains explanations of the costs and causes of corruption, the different stages in the fight against corruption, demand-side and supply-side ways to fight corruption, and case studies of anti-corruption programmes in Bulgaria, Colombia, and Serbia.
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Year of creation: December 2009
Developed by: United Nations Global Compact and Transparency International
Description: The guidance is the most succinct, practical guide currently available to what anti-corruption aspects companies should report on. It equips business with a practical means to report on anti-corruption policies and actions comprehensively and effectively, as public reporting sends a strong signal to employees, investors and consumers, that a company is serious about clean business.
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Year of creation: 2002-2009
Developed by: Transparency International and Social Accountability International
Description: The Business Principles for Countering Bribery from 2003 provide a framework for companies to develop comprehensive anti-bribery programmes. While many companies have zero-tolerance for bribery policies, all too few implement these policies effectively. The Transparency International Business Principles may thus be used by companies as a starting point for developing their own anti-bribery programmes. A 2009 edition of the principles has been released which places greater emphasis on public reporting of anti-bribery systems and recommends that enterprises commission external verification or assurance of their anti-bribery programmes. The principles were initially developed to target companies of all sizes. However, a revised edition has also been developed to meet the needs of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs).
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